Considered by many to be the most relied-upon, practical text of its kind, Clinical Sonography: A Practical Guide is appreciated for its clear, concise writing, consistent format, and problem-based organization. This text cuts through complicated material to deliver the clearest and most comprehensive guide to sonography, leading students from the basics of imaging and positioning to more advanced clinical tips on instrumentation and report making.

The Fourth Edition includes over 800 new black-and-white images and 48 full-color images. New chapters cover ankle problems, malpractice, laboratory accreditation, and ergonomics. Chapters on artifacts, interventional techniques, and shoulder sonography have been extensively revised.

Introduction

Basic Physics

Instrumentation

Knobology

Doppler and Color Flow Principles

Basic Principles

Sonographic Abdominal Anatomy

Epigastric Pain (Upper Abdominal Pain): Pancreatitis?

Right Upper Quadrant Mass: Possible Metastases to Liver

Right Upper Quadrant Pain

Abnormal Liver Function Tests: Jaundice

Fever of Unknown Origin (FUO)

Palpable Left Upper Quadrant Mass

Ultrasound of Abdominal Wall Masses

Midabdominal Mass: Possible Ascites

Right Lower Quadrant Pain

Possible Adrenal Mass

Possible Renal Mass

Renal Failure

Unexplained Hematocrit Drop

Hematuria

Rule Out Pleural Effusion and Chest Mass

Transplants: Renal, Liver, Pancreatic

Possible Invasive Rectal Wall Mass or Anal Sphincter Break

Neck Mass

Possible Testicular Mass: Pain in the Testicle

Prostate: Prostate Carcinoma, Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy

Penile Problems

Breast Ultrasound

Infertility

Rule Out Adnexal Mass

Midline Pelvic Mass

Chronic Pain

Vaginal Bleeding with Negative Pregnancy Test

Intrauterine Contraceptive Devices

Pediatric Abdominal Masses

Neonatal Intracranial Problems

Spinal Ultrasonography

Developmental Dysplasia of the Infant Hip

First Trimester Bleeding

Acute Pelvic Pain

Uncertain Dates: Elective Cesarean Section, "Late Registratant"

Second and Third Trimester Bleeding

Small for Dates

Large for Dates

Possible Fetal Anomalies

Fetal Well-Being and Fetal Death

Abnormal Fetal Heart

Carotid Artery Disease

Intracranial Vascular Problems

Pain and Swelling in the Limbs

Arterial Problems in the Limbs

Shoulder Problems

Common Ankle and Foot Problems

Ultrasound-Guided Techniques

Nursing Procedures

Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WRMSD) in Sonography

Artifacts

Equipment Care and Quality Control

Photography

Preliminary Reports

Malpractice and Ultrasound

Accreditation Chapter

Appendices