Main description:

Diagnostic cytology has recently enjoyed increased attention and significance in modern research. Essential information on latest developments in methods and applications in cytology is provided by this book. Chapters review methodological advances, such as in cancer detection, and explore potential relationships to molecular biology. Also discussed are: viral infection, fundamentals of quantitative methods, and the revolutionary role of immunocytochemistry in diagnostic cell typing. The new insights offered by transmission and scanning electron microscopy into cellular structure and function are discussed, and the connections between cytology and histology are highlighted. Epidemiology in connection with cytology is incorporated in special reports. The current developments described here will become routine methods of the cytology of tomorrow.

Contents:

I Special Article.- Cytology in Germany.- II Incoming Methods: Cell Culture, In Situ Hybridization, Cytogenetics.- In Situ Hybridization: An Overview.- In Situ Hybridization: Its Use as a Tool in Pathology Laboratories.- Correlations of Malignancy in Cultured Cells.- Cytological Analysis of Functional Alterations in Granulocytes.- Perspectives of Cytogenetic Analysis of Human Solid Tumors.- Relationship Between Morphological Variants and Cytogenetic Findings in Acute Promyelocytic Leukaemia.- Cytogenetic, Molecular, Immunologic, and Ultrastructural Study on an Established Cell Line of a Stage III Neuroblastoma.- Kaposi's Sarcoma: A Cytogenetic Study.- III Viral Infections.- Human Papillomaviruses as an Essential Factor for the Development of Cervical Cancer.- HPV-Infection of the Cervix Uteri. Prevalence and Age Distribution of a Sexually Transmissible Disease in a Cancer Screening Program.- Conventional Cytology is Insensitive for the Detection of Genital HPV Infection.- Alteration in Cell Morphology of a Human Neuroblastoma Line Under the Influence of Persistent Viral Infection.- IV Quantitative Methods.- DNA Measurement: Its Value for Diagnosis and Prognosis.- DNA Flow Cytometry in Diagnostic Cytopathology: Methodologic Considerations and Current State of Clinical Applications.- Flow Cytometry of DNA in Colorectal Adenomas and Adenocarcinomas.- Sense and Nonsense of Cytomorphometry and Cytophotometry in Predicting Survival.- Prognostic Validity of the DNA Malignancy Grade in Breast Cancer.- Correlations of Cytomorphology, Hormone-Receptor Status, and Age in Patients with Breast Carcinoma.- Quantitative Ultraviolet Microscopy.- V Immunocytochemistry - Survey Articles.- Immunocytochemistry in Cytology.- Monoclonal Antibodies in Diagnostic Cytopathology.- The Cytoskeleton: Diagnostic Possibilities and Limitations.- Intermediate Filament Typing vs. Electron Microscopy in the Diagnosis of Major Tumor Types in Fine-Needle Aspirates.- Application of Immunocytochemical Methods to Cytological Specimens for Differential Diagnosis of Malignant Tumors.- VI Immunocytochemistry - Applications 1 Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy.- Tumor Typing in Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsies by Immunocytochemistry.- Immunocytochemical Determination of the Proliferation Fraction in Fine-Needle Aspiration Smears of Breast Tumors and Their Metastases.- Growth Fraction as Determined in Cytologic Specimens of Breast Carcinomas: A Study with the Monoclonal Antibody Ki-67.- Immunocytochemical Detection of Estrogen Receptors in Fine-Needle Aspirates of Breast Cancer.- VII Immunocytochemistry - Applications 2 Effusions.- Immunocytochemical Differentiation of Lymphocytic Effusions.- Immunocytochemistry: Methods and Applications.- Improvement of Immunocytochemical Diagnosis of Neoplastic Effusions by Short-Term Culture of the Fluid: A Case Report.- Immunocytochemical Diagnosis of Neoplastic Effusions of Unknown Origin Employing Selected Combinations of Monoclonal Antibodies to Tumor-Associated Antigens.- Immunocytochemistry of Malignant Pleural Efffusions in Breast Cancer.- Monoclonal Antibodies OC125 and OV632 for the Diagnosis of Ovarian Cancer: A Comparative Immunocytochemical Study.- Immunocytological Features of Malignant Ascites in Ovarian Carcinoma.- VIII Electron Microscopy.- Transmission Electron Microscopy of Cytological Specimens.- Ultrastructural Localization of Epithelial Membrane Antigen and Carcinoembryonic Antigen in Malignant Mesothelial and Epithelial Cells.- On the Fine Structural Differential Diagnosis of Primary and Metastatic Lymph Node Tumors with Special Reference to the Nucleus.- Immunologic Reactions on Cell Surfaces Investigated with Scanning and Transmission Electron Microscopy Using Replicas and Ultrathin Sections.- Ultrastructure of Human Breast Carcinoma from a Pleural Effusion.- Electron Microscopy in Childhood Tumors.- IX Reactive Cellular Changes.- Reactive Cellular Changes in Soft Tissue.- Reactive Changes of the Mesothelium.- Reactive Cellular Changes: Pitfalls in Fine-Needle Aspirations from Reactive Lymph Nodes.- Evaluation of Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy Findings in Treatment of Grave's Disease.- Cytological Monitoring of Human Hepatic Allografts.- X Histology versus Cytology, Cell Collection and Staining.- Cytology versus Histology in Carcinoma in Situ of the Breast and the Role of Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology in the Treatment of Carcinoma in Situ.- Comparison Between Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology and Core Biopsy Histology in Prostatic Carcinoma.- Technical Advances in Cell Collection as Applied to Prostatic Cytology.- Transthoracic Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology Guided by Fluoroscopy of Pulmonary Masses: Analysis of 460 Cases.- Fine-Needle Aspirates of Nonpalpable Tumor Masses Guided by Computerized Tomography: Definition of Their Primary or Metastatic Nature Using Immunocytochemical Methods.- Fine-Needle Aspiration in Ophthalmic Pathology.- Cytological Diagnosis of Orbital and Periorbital Palpable Tumors.- Routine and Special Staining in Cytology.- XI Epidemiology, Screening Programs, Early Cancer Detection.- Experiences with a Nationwide Cancer Screening Programme for Cervical Cancer in the Federal Republic of Germany.- Criteria for Evaluating the Screening Efficacy for Cervical Cancer: Estimated Sensitivity and Protective Effect of the Screening Program of Florence.- Screening for Cervical Cancer - The Use of Epidemiological Studies to Evaluate Screening Policies.- Evaluation of Cervical Smears in a Comparative Study Between Countries with Different Incidents of Cervical Cancer (Israel, Germany, South-Africa).- Procedure of Validation of Mass Screening by Cervical Cytology.- Significance of Cellular Composition of Smears for the Reliability of Cytological Diagnosis.- Diagnostic Efficiency of Brush Cytology from the Uterine Cervix.- Increase in Cervical Carcinoma in Situ in Young Women: Analysis of Screening General Practices 1974-1986.- Screening for Breast Cancer.- Early Detection of Lung Cancer Using Sputum Cytology.- Bronchoalveolar Lavage T-Lymphocyte Subpopulations in Occupational and Non-occupational Lung Diseases.