Main description:

This detailed book provides a compilation of laboratory techniques and tests to assess the risks to embryo-fetal development from drug exposure during early developmental stages. After an introduction to teratogenicity testing, the contents explore both in vitro and in vivo techniques in the study of the teratogenic and fetotoxic effects of drugs, as well as numerous animal-based teratology methods. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.
Authoritative and comprehensive, Teratogenicity Testing: Methods and Protocols describes methods that integrate a battery of tests that can be performed in cells, organs, tissues, and animal models for evaluating toxicity and/or the safety of compounds in early developmental stages with the goal of estimating, preventing, or minimizing the teratogenic potential of drugs.

Contents:

Part I: Introduction to Teratology Testing

1. An Overview of Teratology

Ana M. Calado and Maria dos Anjos Pires

2. Teratology Study Guidelines: An Overview

Sofia Alves-Pimenta, Luis Felix, Bruno Colaco, Paula A. Oliveira, and Carlos Venancio

3. Biological Concerns on the Selection of Animal Models for Teratogenic Testing

Sofia Alves-Pimenta, Bruno Colaco, Paula A. Oliveira, and Carlos Venancio

Part II: In Vitro-Based Teratology Screening

4. The Validated Embryonic Stem Cell Test with Murine Embryonic Stem Cells

Lauren M. Walker, Darcie L.V. McClelland-Descalzo, and Nicole I. zur Nieden

5. Human Pluripotent Stem Cells to Assess Developmental Toxicity in the Osteogenic Lineage

Joseph V. Madrid, Steven R. Sera, Nicole R.L. Sparks, and Nicole I. zur Nieden

6. Chick Embryonic Cardiomyocytes Micromass System for Assessing Developmental Cardiotoxicity of Drugs

Wasay M.S. Qureshi and Margaret K. Pratten

7. Flow Cytometry to Evaluate Potential Developmental Toxicants in the Embryonic Stem Cell

Valeria Maria Lara, Kelly C. Santos Roballo, Andre Tadeu Gotardo, and Carlos Eduardo Ambrosio

8. Morphology-Based Whole Embryo Culture for Developmental Toxicity of Drugs

Bo Liang and Chi C. Wang

9. Western Blot Methodologies for Analysis of In Vitro Protein Expression Induced by Teratogenic Agents

Carlos Martins-Gomes and Amelia M. Silva

10. Manipulation of MicroRNAs in Cultured Mouse Embryos: Applications for Developmental Toxicology

Fuqiang Yuan and Shao-yu Chen

Part III: Animal-Based Teratology Methods

11. Insights into the Phenotypic and Behavioral Effects of Teratogenic Drugs in Caenorhabditis elegans

Caralina M. de Evsikova

12. Effect of Teratogens on Development of Drosophila melanogaster

Dong Li and Xiaolin Bi

13. Cellular Responses in Drosophila melanogaster Following Teratogen Exposure

Matheus C. Bianchini, Jose L.R. Portela, Robson L. Puntel, and Daiana S. Avila

14. Behavioral Teratogenesis in Drosophila melanogaster

Monalisa Mishra and Bedanta Kumar Barik

15. Evaluation of the Teratogenicity of Pharmaceuticals Using FETAX

Hariz Islas-Flores, Itzayana Perez-Alvarez, and Leobardo M. Gomez-Olivan

16. Histological Observation of Teratogenic Phenotypes Induced in Frog Embryo Assays

Mark E. Pownall and Margaret S. Saha

17. Visualization of Gene Expression Patterns by In Situ Hybridization on Early Stages of Development of Xenopus laevis

Heithem M. El-Hodiri and Lisa E. Kelly

18. Analysis of Lethality and Malformations During Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Development

Azhwar Raghunath and Ekambaram Perumal

19. General Whole-Mount Immunohistochemistry of Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Embryos and Larvae Protocol

Dercia Santos, Sandra M. Monteiro, and Ana Luzio

20. Geometric Morphometrics as a Tool to Evaluate Teratogenic Effects in Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Kathryn E. Perez and Tisha C. King-Heiden

21. Live Metabolic Profile Analysis of Zebrafish Embryos Using a Seahorse XF 24 Extracellular Flux Analyzer

Simon T. Bond, Kevin A. McEwen, Prusothman Yoganantharajah, and Yann Gibert

22. Behavioral Profiling of Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Larvae Following Teratogen Exposure

Ana M. Valentim

23. Omics in Zebrafish Teratogenesis

Benjamin Pina, Laia Navarro, Carlos Barata, Demetrio Raldua, Ruben Martinez, and Marta Casado

24. Proteomic Analysis of Zebrafish (Danio rerio) after Chemical Exposure

Yew Mun Lee, Caixia Li, Siew Hong Lam, Zhiyuan Gong, and Qingsong Lin

25. Immunohistochemical Assessment as a Tool for Investigating Developmental Toxicity in Zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Carla Santos and Maria de Lurdes Pinto

26. Oxidative Stress Assessment in Zebrafish Larvae

Ines Domingues and Carlos Gravato

27. Hemodynamic Studies for Analyzing the Teratogenic Effects of Drugs in the Zebrafish Embryo

Huseyin C. Yalcin

28. Western Blot Analysis and Immunostaining for Prediction of Embryotoxicity in Mus musculus

Yulia Irnidayanti, Win Darmanto, and Dias R. Sutiono

29. Histological and Histochemical Profile for Teratological Assessment in Mus musculus

Maria de Lurdes Pinto and Paula Rodrigues

30. In Vivo Analysis of Apoptosis in Embryonic Hippocampus

Ahmad Salimi and Jalal Pourahmad

31. Measurement of Mitochondrial Toxicity Parameters in Embryonic Hippocampus

Ahmad Salimi and Jalal Pourahmad

32. Animal Tests for Evaluation of Cognitive Impairment in Neonatal Mouse

Ahmad Salimi and Jalal Pourahmad

33. Methodology of Genotoxic and Teratogenic Studies in Rats

Eyyup Rencuzogullari and Muhsin Aydin

34. Whole Mount In Situ Hybridization and Morphometric Analysis in Rabbit Embryos

Yoshinori Kawamura and Kiyoshi Matsumoto

Glossary of Key Terms for Teratology

Maria dos Anjos Pires and Ana M. Calado

Index