Main description:

Reviews all the latest basic and clinical researchfindings

With contributions from leading international experts in thefield, this book is dedicated to all facets of uremic toxinsresearch, including low molecular weight solutes, protein–boundsolutes, and middle molecules. Moreover, it covers everything frombasic mass spectrometry research to the latest clinical findingsand practices.

Uremic Toxins is divided into three sections:

• Section One, Uremic Toxins, explores the definition,classification, listing, and mass spectrometric analysis of uremictoxins


• Section Two, Selected Uremic Toxins, describes keyuremic toxins, explaining chemical structures, metabolism,analytical methods, plasma levels, toxicity, clinical implications,and removal methods. Among the uremic toxins covered are indoxylsulfate, asymmetric dimethylarginine, PTH, ß2–microglobulin,and AGEs


• Section Three, Therapeutic Removal of Uremic Toxins,describes how uremic toxins can be removed by hemodialysis,peritoneal dialysis, and oral sorbent

All chapters are based on the authors′ thorough review of theliterature as well as their own personal laboratory and clinicalexperience. References at the end of each chapter provide a gatewayto the literature in the field.

Reviewing all the latest basic and clinical research findings,Uremic Toxins will help bench scientists in nephrologyadvance their own investigations. It will also help clinicians takeadvantage of the latest tested and proven treatments for themanagement of chronic kidney disease.

Back cover:

Reviews all the latest basic and clinical researchfindings

With contributions from leading international experts in thefield, this book is dedicated to all facets of uremic toxinsresearch, including low molecular weight solutes, protein–boundsolutes, and middle molecules. Moreover, it covers everything frombasic mass spectrometry research to the latest clinical findingsand practices.

Uremic Toxins is divided into three sections:

• Section One, Uremic Toxins, explores the definition,classification, listing, and mass spectrometric analysis of uremictoxins


• Section Two, Selected Uremic Toxins, describes keyuremic toxins, explaining chemical structures, metabolism,analytical methods, plasma levels, toxicity, clinical implications,and removal methods. Among the uremic toxins covered are indoxylsulfate, asymmetric dimethylarginine, PTH, ß2–microglobulin,and AGEs


• Section Three, Therapeutic Removal of Uremic Toxins,describes how uremic toxins can be removed by hemodialysis,peritoneal dialysis, and oral sorbent

All chapters are based on the authors′ thorough review of theliterature as well as their own personal laboratory and clinicalexperience. References at the end of each chapter provide a gatewayto the literature in the field.

Reviewing all the latest basic and clinical research findings,Uremic Toxins will help bench scientists in nephrologyadvance their own investigations. It will also help clinicians takeadvantage of the latest tested and proven treatments for themanagement of chronic kidney disease.

Contents:

PREFACE ix

CONTRIBUTORS xi

SECTION 1: UREMIC TOXINS 1

1. Uremic Toxins: An Integrated Overview of Definition andClassification 3
Richard J. Glassock and Shaul G. Massry

2. Classification and a List of Uremic Toxins 13
Nathalie Neirynck, Rita De Smet, Eva Schepers, RaymondVanholder, and Griet Glorieux

3. Analysis of Uremic Toxins with Mass Spectrometry 35
Toshimitsu Niwa

SECTION 2: SELECTED UREMIC TOXINS 51

4. Indoxyl Sulfate 53
Toshimitsu Niwa

5. p–Cresyl Sulfate 77
Anneleen Pletinck, Raymond Vanholder, and Griet Glorieux

6. 3–Carboxy–4–methyl–5–propyl–2–furanpropionic Acid 87
Toshimitsu Niwa

7. Phenylacetic Acid 99
Anna Schulz and Joachim Jankowski

8. Homocysteine and Hydrogen Sulfide, Two Opposing Aspects inthe Pathobiology of Sulfur Compounds in Chronic Renal Failure109
Alessandra F. Perna and Diego Ingrosso

9. Guanidino Compounds 125
Sunny Eloot, Griet Glorieux, Peter Paul De Deyn, and RaymondVanholder

10. Asymmetric Dimethylarginine 143
Vladimýr Teplan and Jaroslav Racek

11. Nicotinamide Metabolites 163
Boleslaw Rutkowski and Przemyslaw Rutkowski

12. Dicarbonyls (Glyoxal, Methylglyoxal, and 3–Deoxyglucosone)177
Naila Rabbani and Paul J. Thornalley

13. Glucose Degradation Products in Peritoneal Dialysis193
Monika Pischetsrieder and Sabrina Gensberger

14. Dinucleoside Polyphosphates 209
Joachim Jankowski and Vera Jankowski

15. Parathyroid Hormone 227
Shaul G. Massry and Miroslaw Smogorzewski

16. b2–Microglobulin 249
Suguru Yamamoto, Junichiro James Kazama, Hiroki Maruyama, IchieiNarita, and Fumitake Gejyo

17. Cytokines 259
Bj orn Anderstam, Bengt Lindholm, and PeterStenvinkel

18. Free Immunoglobulin Light Chains 279
Gerald Cohen and Walter H. H orl

19. Advanced Glycation Endproducts (AGEs) 293
Naila Rabbani and Paul J. Thornalley

20. Oxidized Albumin 305
Maurizio Bruschi, Giovanni Candiano, Laura Santucci, and GianMarco Ghiggeri

SECTION 3: THERAPEUTIC REMOVAL OF UREMIC TOXINS 315

21. Therapeutic Removal of Uremic Toxins by Hemodialysis317
Tammy L. Sirich, Pavel Aronov, and Timothy W. Meyer

22. Therapeutic Removal of Uremic Toxins by Peritoneal Dialysis331
Malgorzata Debowska, Elvia Garcýa–Lopez, Jacek Waniewski, andBengt Lindholm

23. Therapeutic Removal of Uremic Toxins by Oral Sorbent359
Toshimitsu Niwa

INDEX 373